Sunday 13 July 2014

Ustad Zakir Hussain

Zakir Hussain
Ustad Zakir Hussain 1.jpg
Zakir Hussain in Konark Natya Mandap,Odisha, India 2012
Background information
Born9 March 1951 (age 63)
OriginMumbai, Maharashtra, India
GenresHindustani classical musicjazz fusionworld music
OccupationsTabla Maestro
InstrumentsTabla
Years active1963–present
LabelsHMV
Associated actsRemember Shakti
Websitewww.zakirhussain.com

Zakir Hussain, (born 9 March 1951), is an Indian tabla player, musical producer, film actor and composer.
He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1988, and the Padma Bhushan in 2002, by the Government of India. He was also awarded theSangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1990, given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. In 1999, he was awarded the United States National Endowment for the Arts's National Heritage Fellowship, the highest award given to traditional artists and musicians

Early life and education[edit]

Hussain was born in Mumbai, India to the legendary tabla player Alla Rakha.[1] He attended St. Michael's High School in Mahim, and graduated from St. Xavier's, Mumbai.[2]
Hussain was a child prodigy, and was touring by the age of eleven. He went to the United States in 1970, beginning his international career which includes more than 150 concert dates a year.[3]

Career[edit]

Hussain is a founding member of Bill Laswell's 'World Music Supergroup' Tabla Beat Science.[4]
Remember Shakti in Munich, Germany (2001): (from left) Zakir Hussain, U. ShrinivasJohn McLaughlinV. Selvaganesh.
The first Planet Drum album, released in 1991 on the Rykodisc label, went on to earn the 1992 Grammy Award for Best World Music Album, the first Grammy ever awarded in this category.[5][6] The Global Drum Project album and tour brought Mickey Hart, Zakir Hussain, Sikiru Adepoju, and Giovanni Hidalgo together again in a reunion sparked by the 15th anniversary of the ground-breaking album Planet Drum. The album Global Drum Project won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary World Music Album at the 51st Grammy Awards Ceremony held on 8 February 2009.[7]
He composed, performed and acted as Indian music advisor for the Malayalam film Vanaprastham,[8] a 1999 Cannes Film Festivalentry which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the AFI Los Angeles International Film Festival (AFI Fest) in 1999, and won awards at 2000 Istanbul International Film Festival (Turkey), 2000 Mumbai International Film Festival (India), and 2000 National Film Awards (India). He has composed soundtracks for several movies, most notably In Custody and The Mystic Masseur by Ismail Merchant, and has played tabla on the soundtracks of Francis Coppola's Apocalypse NowBernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha, and other films.[9]
He starred in several films specifically showcasing his musical performance both solo and with different bands, including the 1998 documentary "Zakir and His Friends",[10] and the documentary "The Speaking Hand: Zakir Hussain and the Art of the Indian Drum" (2003 Sumantra Ghosal).[11] Hussain co-starred as Inder Lal in the Merchant Ivory Film Heat and Dust in 1983, for which he was an associate music director.[12][13]

Personal life[edit]

Zakir Hussain married Antonia Minnecola, a Kathak dancer and teacher, who is also his manager.[14] They have two daughters, Anisa Qureshi and Isabella Qureshi. Anisa graduated from UCLA and is trying her hand in video production and film making. Isabella is studying dance in Manhattan.[15]
He was named an Old Dominion Fellow by the Humanities Council at Princeton University, where he resided for the 2005–2006 semester as full professor in the music department.[16] He was also a visiting professor at Stanford University.[17] He now resides in San Francisco.

Discography[edit]

Ustad Zakir Hussain performing atKonarkOdisha
  • Mysterium Tremendum (2012) – Mickey Hart Band
  • The Melody of Rhythm (2009) – Bela Fleck, Zakir Hussain, Edgar Meyer
  • Global Drum Project (2007) – Mickey Hart, Zakir Hussain, Imran Hussain, Chandan Sharma Sikiru AdepojuGiovanni Hidalgo – Shout Factory
  • Soukha – V. Selvaganesh (with John McLaughlin, Zakir Hussain, Vikku, Shrinivas) – Naive
  • Sangam (2006) – Jazz collaboration with bandleader Charles Lloyd.
  • Punjabi Dhamar (2004)
  • Raag Chandrakauns (2004)
  • Live at 38th Montreux Jazz Festival (18 July 2004) – Remember Shakti
  • Live at Miles Davis Hall (8 July 2004) – Remember Shakti
  • Energy (2003)
  • The Best of Mickey Hart: Over the Edge and Back (2002) – Mickey Hart
  • Selects (2002)
  • Live in San Francisco at Stern Grove (2002) – Tabla Beat Science
  • Summit (2002) – George Brooks (Earth Brothers Music BMI)
  • Golden Strings of the Sarode (2001) – Aashish Khan & Zakir Hussain
  • Saturday Night in Bombay (2001) – Remember Shakti (Universal Records)
  • Tala Matrix (2000) – Tabla Beat Science
  • The Believer (2000) – Remember Shakti
  • Remember Shakti (1999) – Remember Shakti
  • Save Our Children (1999) - Pharoah Sanders
  • Spirit into Sound (1999) – Mickey Hart
  • And the Rhythm Experience (1998)
  • Fire Dance (1998) collaboration with Pat Martino
  • Night Spinner (1998) – George Brooks (Moment Records)
  • Supralingua (1998) – Mickey Hart
  • Essence of Rhythm (1998)
  • Magical Moments of Rhythm (1997)
  • Kirwani (1997)
  • The Elements – Space (1996)
  • Mickey Hart's Mystery Box (1996) – Mickey Hart
  • Maestro's Choice – Series Two (1995) – Sultan Khan & Zakir Hussain
  • World Network Series, Vol. 1: India- Raga Purya Kalyan (1995) – Zakir Hussain & Shivkumar Sharma
  • Raga Aberi (1995) – Shankar
  • Golden Krithis Colours – (1994) – Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan
  • Jog And Rageshri (1994)
  • Ustad Amjad Ali Khan & Zakir Hussain (1994) – Amjad Ali Khan & Zakir Hussain
  • Concert for Peace (1993) – Ravi Shankar
  • Music of the Deserts (1993)
  • Rag Madhuvanti / Rag Misra Tilang (1993) – Shivkumar Sharma
  • Flights of Improvisation (1992)
  • The One and Only (1992)
  • Sangeet Sartaj (1992)
  • Zakir Hussain and the Rhythm Experience (1992)
  • Maestro's Choice Series One (1991) – Alla Rakha
  • Planet Drum (1991) – Mickey Hart
  • When Words Disappear (1991) – David Trasoff & Zakir Hussain
  • When Words Disappear (1991) – David Trasoff & Zakir Hussain
  • At the Edge (1990) – Mickey Hart
  • Venu (1989) – Hariprasad Chaurasia & Zakir Hussain
  • Tabla Duet (1988) – Zakir Hussain & Alla Rakha
  • Making Music (1987) with Jan GarbarekJohn McLaughlin and Hariprasad Chaurasia
  • Song for Everyone (1985) – L. Shankar
  • Who's to Know (1980) – L. Shankar
  • Morning Ragas (1979) with Vasant Rai
  • Natural Elements (1977) – Shakti with John McLaughlin
  • A Handful of Beauty (1976) – Shakti with John McLaughlin
  • Diga (1976) – Diga Rhythm Band
  • Shakti (1975) – Shakti with John McLaughlin
  • Rolling Thunder (1972) – Mickey Hart
  • Shanti (1971)
  • Evening Ragas (1970) Vasant Rai
  • Ustad Mohammad Omar: Virtuoso from Afghanistan (2002)- Zakir Hussain

Filmography[edit]

Soundtracks[edit]

Awards and accolades[edit]

  • Awarded the titles of Padma Shri in 1988, and Padma Bhushan in 2002,[18][19] becoming the youngest percussionist to be awarded these titles, given to civilians of merit by the Indian government.
  • Awarded the Indo-American Award in 1990 in recognition for his outstanding cultural contribution to relations between the United States and India.
  • Presented with the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1990 by the President of India, making him one of the youngest musicians to receive this recognition given by theSangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama.[20]
  • In 1992 Planet Drum, an album co-created and produced by Hussain and Mickey Hart, was awarded the first-ever Grammy for Best World Music Album, the Downbeat Critics’ Poll for Best World Beat Album and the NARM Indie Best Seller Award for a World Music Recording.
  • Recipient of the 1999 National Heritage Fellowship of National Endowment for the Arts, the United States’ most prestigious honour for a master in the traditional arts, presented by First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton at the United States Senate on 28 September 1999.[21]
  • In 2005, he was named an Old Dominion Fellow by the Humanities Council at Princeton University, where he resided for the 2005–2006 semester as full professor in the music department, teaching a survey course in Indian classical music and dance.
  • Recipient of the prestigious Kalidas Samman in 2006, an award for artists of exceptional achievement, from the government of Madhya Pradesh.
  • Golden Strings of the Sarode (Moment! Records 2006) with Aashish Khan and Zakir Hussain was nominated for a Grammy in the Best Traditional World Music Album category in 2006.
  • In 2007, readers’ polls from both Modern Drummer and Drum! magazines named Zakir Hussain Best World Music and Best World Beat Drummer respectively.
  • On 8 February 2009 for 51st Grammy Awards, Zakir Hussain won the Grammy in the Contemporary World Music Album category for his collaborative album "Global Drum Project" along with Mickey Hart, Sikiru Adepoju & Giovanni Hidalgo.>[2][dead link]
  • On 23 February 2012 for Guru Gangadhar Pradhan Lifetime Achievement Award at Konark Dance & Music Festival, Organised by Konark Natya Mandap

Ustad Bismillah Khan

Ustad Bismillah Khan

Background information
Birth nameQamaruddin Khan
Born21 March 1913
OriginIndia
Died21 August 2006 (aged 93)
GenresIndian classical music
OccupationsMusician
InstrumentsShehnai

Bismillah Khan (Urduاستاد بسم اللہ خان صاحب‎; 21 March 1913 – 21 August 2006), often referred to by the honorific title Ustad, was anIndian musician credited with popularising the shehnai, a subcontinental wind instrument of the oboe class. While the shehnai had long held importance as a folk instrument played primarily during traditional ceremonies, Khan is credited with elevating its status and bringing it to the concert stage.[1][2]
He was awarded India’s highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 2001, becoming the Third classical musician after M. S. Subbulakshmi and Ravi Shankar to be accorded this distinction.

Early life[edit]

Bismillah Khan was born on 21 March 1913 in DumraonBihar in northern India. He was the second son of Paigambar Khan and Mitthan.[3] His parents had initially named him Qamaruddin to rhyme with their first-born son Shamshuddin. However, his grandfather, Rasool Bux Khan, the shehnai master of the court of Bhojpur, exclaimed "Bismillah!" ("In the name of Allah!") at the sight of him and thereafter he came to be known by this name.[1]
His ancestors were court musicians and used to play in Naqqar khana in the princely states of Bhojpur, now in Bihar. His father was a shehnai player in the court of Maharaja Keshav Prasad Singh of Dumraon Estate, Bihar.
At the age of six, he moved to Varanasi.[2] He received his training under his uncle, the late Ali Baksh 'Vilayatu', a shehnai player attached to Varanasi's Vishwanath Temple.[4]
Bihar Government has proposed setting up of a museum, a town hall-cum-library and installation of a life-size statue at his birthplce in Dumraon.[5]

Religious beliefs[edit]

Though a pious Shi'ite Muslim, he was also, like many Indian musicians, regardless of religion, a devotee of Saraswati, the Hindu Goddess of wisdom and arts,[6] and often played at Hindu temples, including the famous Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi, on the banks of the river Ganga.[7] He also performed for spiritual master Prem Rawat.[8]

Career[edit]

Bismillah Khan was perhaps single-handedly responsible for making the shehnai a famous classical instrument. He brought the shehnai to the center stage of Indian music with his concert in the Calcutta All India Music Conference in 1937. He was credited with having almost monopoly over the instrument as he and the shehnai are almost synonyms.
Khan is one of the finest musicians in post-independent Indian classical music and one of the best examples of Hindu-Muslim unity in India. He played the shehnai to audiences across the world. He was known to be so devoted to his art form that he referred to shehnai as his begum (wife in Urdu) after his wife died. On his death, as an honour, his shehnai was buried with him. He was known for his vision of spreading peace and love through music.
Even if the world ends, the music will still survive.
Music has no caste.

Performances at Red Fort[edit]

Khan had the rare honor of performing at Delhi's Red Fort on the eve of India's Independence in 1947. He also performed raga Kafi from the Red Fort on the eve of India’s first Republic Day ceremony, on 26 January 1950. His recital had become a cultural part of India's Independence Day celebrations, telecast on Doordarshan every year on 15 August. After the prime minister's speech from Lal Qila (the Red Fort,) in Old Delhi, Doordarshan would broadcast a live performance by the shehnai maestro. This tradition dated from the days of Pandit Nehru.

Popular culture[edit]

Khan had a brief association with movies. He played the shehnai for Rajkumar's role of Appanna in the Kannada movie Sanaadi Appanna. He acted in Jalsaghar, a movie bySatyajit Ray and provided sound of shehnai in Goonj Uthi Shehnai (1959). Noted director Goutam Ghose directed Sange Meel Se Mulaqat, a documentary about the life of Khan.[4] In the 1967 film The Graduate, there is a poster advertising "Bismillah Khan and the seven musicians" on a busy street of Berkeley, California.

Students[edit]

Khan seldom accepted students. He thought that if he would be able to share his knowledge it wouldn't be useful as it would only give his students a little knowledge. Some of his followers include S. Ballesh,[9] as well as Khan's own sons, Nazim Hussain and Nayyar Hussain.[10]
S. Ballesh with Bismillah Khan in Ganda- Bandhan Pooja

Personal life[edit]

On 17 August 2006, Khan was taken ill and admitted to the Heritage Hospital, Varanasi for treatment.[11] He died after four days on 21 August 2006 due to a cardiac arrest. He is survived by five daughters, three sons and a large number of grandchildren and great-grandchildren, and his adopted daughter Dr Soma Ghosh (famous Hindustani shastriya sangeet exponent)[12]
The Government of India declared a day of national mourning on his death. His body along with a Shehnai was buried at Fatemain burial ground of old Varanasi under a neem tree with 21-gun salute from Indian Army.[13]

Legacy[edit]

Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi, instituted the 'Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar' in 2007, in his honour. It is given to young artists in the field of music, theatre and dance.[14]

Awards and recognitions[edit]

Awards[edit]

Recognitions[edit]

Bismillah Khan had honorary doctorates from
Others include[15]

Discography[edit]

Live in London
Albums
  • Sanaadi Appanna - Played shehnai for Rajkumar's role in the movie.
  • Goonj Uthi Shehnai (1959) - Provided shehnai
  • Maestro's Choice (February 1994)
  • Megh Malhar, Vol. 4 (the other piece in the album is by Kishori Amonkar) (September 1994)
  • Live at the Queen Elizabeth Hall (September 2000)
  • Live in London, Vol. 2 (September 2000)
Contributing artist

Biographies[edit]

  • Bismillah Khan: the shehnai maestro, by Neeraja Poddar. Rupa & Co., 2004. ISBN 81-291-0351-6.
  • Monograph on Shehnai maestro Bismillah Khan, by Amar jyoti, Shivnath Jha, Alok Jain, Anjali Sinha. Pub. Neena Jha & Shivnath Jha, 2005. ISBN 8175256400.
  • Bismillah Khan and Benaras: the seat of shehnai, by Rita Ganguly. Siddhi Books, 1994.
  • Shahnai Vadak Ustad Bismillah Khan, by Murli Manohar Shrivastava. Prabhat Prakashan, 2009. ISBN 9788173157356.
  • Bismillah Khan: The Maestro from Benaras, by Juhi Sinha. Niyogi Books, 2011. ISBN 978-81-89738-91-4.